Recently CNN.co.jp reported the following:
中国軍の潜水艦乗組員、精神衛生に著しい問題抱える傾向 異例の研究結果発表
2021.02.02 Tue posted at 12:51 JST
香港（ＣＮＮ） 南シナ海で任務に当たる中国軍の潜水艦の乗組員のうち５人に１人以上が精神衛生の問題を報告していることが新たな研究で分かった。中国軍内でも最も厳重な水準での保護下にある潜水艦部隊について、内部の分析が公開されるのは異例だ。
研究は中国の第二軍医大学などが行ったもので、英国の軍事医学誌に掲載された。それによると、潜水艦の乗組員で重度の精神的問題を抱えた人の割合は人民解放軍全体と比較してはるかに高かった。
研究者らは「今回の研究で初めて明らかになったことだが、南シナ海で展開する潜水艦部隊の兵士並びに将校は精神衛生のリスクに直面しており、深刻な心理的問題に苦しんでいる」と結論付けた。
研究では中国海軍南シナ海艦隊の潜水艦部隊に所属する男性乗組員５８０人を調査し、５１１人から回答を得た。その結果、全般的な精神衛生の状態は人民解放軍の兵士全体よりやや悪い程度だったが、不安、恐怖症、偏執症、（精神的問題の）身体化の４つの領域に関しては全体よりも著しく悪化している状況が明らかになった。
こうした南シナ海の軍事情勢が、潜水艦部隊内での精神衛生問題の悪化につながっていると研究者らは見ている。
米軍の派遣に対応する形で中国軍も南シナ海での軍事活動を増やしており、所属の潜水艦は２～３カ月潜航を続けることもある。乗組員は狭く、閉ざされた空間で、過剰な騒音にも悩まされながら日々を過ごすと研究者らは指摘する。
騒音で十分な睡眠がとれなくなるほか、人工の光を常に浴び続ける状況も精神衛生の問題を引き起こすことにつながるという。
研究者らはまた、高学歴の乗組員の方がより精神的な問題を抱える傾向があると分析。理由としては教育水準の低い乗組員に比べて孤立した環境で心理的重圧を和らげる方法が身についていないこと、自由や社会とのつながりを求める気持ちが強いことなどが考えられるとしている。
さらに原子力潜水艦の乗組員の方が通常動力の潜水艦より問題が深刻化しているとも述べた。任務中の事故や放射線が健康に及ぼす影響について一段と大きな不安を感じる傾向があるためだという。
Translation
Hong Kong (CNN) -- A new study found that more than one in five Chinese submarine crew members on duty in the South China Sea had reported mental health problems. It was unusual for an internal analysis of a submarine unit, which was under the strictest level of protection within the Chinese military, being published.
The study was conducted by the Second Military Medical University in China and was published in the British Military Medical Journal. According to a report, the proportion of submarine crew members with severe mental problems was much higher than that of the PLA as a whole.
Researchers attached a conclusion that "for the first time, this study shows that soldiers and officers of submarine units deployed in the South China Sea are facing mental health risks, and are suffering from serious psychological problems."
The study surveyed 580 male crew members of a submarine unit
of the Chinese Navy's South China Sea fleet, and received responses from 511.
As a result, it was made known that their overall mental hygiene was slightly
worse than that of overall PLA soldiers. Significantly the situation was
getting worse than the overall in the four areas: anxiety, phobia, paranoia,
and physicalization (of mental problems).
The Chinese government had claimed sovereignty over almost the entire South China Sea and built artificial islands on reefs and sandbars since 2014. The establishment of military bases with missiles and runway were in progress. Governments in neighboring countries that also claimed sovereignty over the South China Sea were opposing to this move. The US government did not acknowledge China's claim and regularly dispatched naval vessels and military aircrafts to the region.
Researchers believed that this military situation in the South China Sea had led to the worsening of mental health problems within submarine units.
Chinese troops were also increasing their military activities in the South China Sea in response to the dispatching of US troops, and their submarines might continue to dive for two to three months. Researchers pointed out that the crew spent their days in a small, closed space, and were suffering from the excessive noise.
The noise made it impossible to get enough sleep, and the
constant exposure to artificial light also caused mental health problems.
Researchers also analyzed that the highly educated crew
members tend to have more mental problems. The reasons could be that they did
not have a way to relieve psychological pressure in an isolated environment
compared to those less educated crew members, and that they had a strong desire
for freedom and connection with the society.
It was said that the crew of nuclear submarines were more problematic than normally powered submarines. The reasons were the tendency to feel more anxious about the effects of accidents and radiation on health during the mission.
Usually,
this type of military information would be regarded as a national security secret
for mainland China. I am interested to know what is the intention for China to
release the report.
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