儘管多年戰爭，美國和歐洲仍在與俄羅斯進行著價值數十億美元的貿易往來 (1/2)

Recently Yahoo News on-line picked up the following:

The US and Europe are still doing billions of dollars’ worth of business with Russia despite years of war (1/2)

Lauren Kent, CNN

Thu, August 14, 2025 at 5:03 a.m. PDT 8 min read

US President Donald Trump is threatening an additional 25% tariff on India as well as higher tariffs on other countries that buy Russian oil, in an attempt to pressure Moscow to end the war in Ukraine. But the United States and Europe themselves are still doing billions of dollars in trade with Russia – although that’s a fraction of the trade that took place before the war.

India has argued that it’s being unfairly targeted with the tariff increase, calling it “unjustified” given that other nations also do business with Moscow.

Trade between Russia and the US has fallen by about 90% since the Kremlin launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, but last year, the US still imported $3 billion worth of goods from Russia, according to the latest data from the US Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Census Bureau.

Meanwhile, the European Union – which has been the Americans’ partner in sanctions against Russia – imported $41.9 billion (36 billion euros) of goods from Russia in 2024, data from the bloc’s statistics agency shows.

“It’s significant, but I think the more significant thing is how quickly the EU adjusted to reduce their dependency on Russia,” said Kimberly Donovan, director of the Economic Statecraft Initiative at the Atlantic Council, a DC-based think tank. “They’re making huge strides to further reduce how much they’re getting from (Russia).”

EU imports from Russia dropped by 86% between the first quarters of 2022 and 2025, according to Eurostat data.

“I do think that there is a lot of opportunity for the US and even the EU to increase our trade with countries like Canada and get the products that we need from them,” Donovan added. “That’s where the trade wars and the negotiations over tariffs are really throwing things for a loop and are reducing our ability to be strategic in how we’re approaching the Russia problem.”

These are the areas where economic ties with Russia remain the strongest, for the US and Europe respectively.

 

US trade with Russia:

• Fertilizer: The US imported $927 million worth of fertilizer in the first half of this year, US Census Bureau data shows. Last year, fertilizer imports from Russia totaled more than $1 billion. The US particularly relies on Russia for imports of three types of chemical fertilizers: urea, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) and potassium chloride muriate of potash, also called potash.

“Unless the US sanctions Russian fertilizer imports, as it does with Belarusian potash, this (level of trade) is likely to continue,” said Allan Pickett, head of fertilizer analysis at S&P Global Commodity Insights. “Russia remains one of the most important global fertilizer suppliers and the influence of it has not diminished since 2022.”

“Urea and potash could be readily sourced from elsewhere, although with potash it would further increase US dependence on Canada, which currently has an interesting trade dynamic,” Pickett added.

The Trump administration recently hiked tariffs on Canada to a minimum of 35% –unless goods are compliant with the terms of the US-Mexico-Canada free trade agreement – escalating ongoing trade tensions with its northern neighbor.

• Palladium: Although palladium imports from Russia have reduced significantly since 2021, data shows that the US still imported $878 million worth of the metal in 2024 and $594 million worth in 2025, through June. The silvery metal is used in various electronic and industrial products and it’s a key component in the catalytic converters of cars.

• Uranium and plutonium: The US has imported $755 million worth of uranium and plutonium from Russia so far this year, according to Census data through June. It imported $624 million worth of those commodities from Russia in 2024.

(to be continued)

Translation

儘管多年戰爭，美國和歐洲仍在與俄羅斯進行著價值數十億美元的貿易往來 (1/2)

 美國總統特朗普威脅印度加徵25%的關稅，並對購買俄羅斯石油的其他國家提高關稅，試圖向莫斯科施壓，迫使其結束烏克蘭戰爭。然而，美國和歐洲本身仍在與俄羅斯進行數十億美元的貿易往來 - 儘管這僅僅是烏克蘭戰爭前貿易額的一小部分。

印度辯稱，由於其他國家也與莫斯科有貿易往來，提高關稅對其不公平，並稱其「不合理」。

自克里姆林宮全面入侵烏克蘭以來，俄美貿易額下降了約90%，但根據美國經濟分析局（BEA）和人口普查局的最新數據，去年美國仍從俄羅斯進口了價值30億美元的商品。

同時，歐盟統計局的數據顯示，作為美國的合作制裁俄羅斯夥伴，歐盟在2024年從俄羅斯進口了價值419億美元（360億歐元）的商品。

總部位於華盛頓特區的智庫大西洋理事會經濟治國方略倡議主任 Kimberly Donovan 表示: 「這很重要，但我認為更重要的是歐盟有幾迅速地減少對俄羅斯的依賴」; 「他們正在大力減少從（俄羅斯）的進口量」。

根據歐盟統計局的數據，2022年第一季至2025年第一季度，歐盟從俄羅斯的進口量下降了86%。

Donovan 補充道: 「我確實認為，美國乃至歐盟都有很多機會增加與加拿大等國家的貿易，並從他們那裡獲得我們所需的產品」; 「就是這點貿易戰和關稅談判確實令人感到意外，削弱了我們在處理俄羅斯問題上的戰略能力」。

在這些領域美國和歐洲分別與俄羅斯有緊密的經濟聯繫。

 

美國與俄羅斯的貿易：

• 化肥：美國人口普查局的數據顯示，今年上半年美國進口了價值 9.27 億美元的化肥。去年，美國從俄羅斯進口的化肥總額超過10億美元。美國尤其依賴俄羅斯進口三種化學肥料：尿素、硝酸銨尿素 (UAN) 和氯化鉀,也稱為鉀肥。

標普全球大宗商品洞察公司化肥分析主管 Allan Pickett 表示： “除非美國像制裁白俄羅斯鉀肥那樣制裁俄羅斯化肥進口，否則這種（貿易水平）可能會持續下去”“俄羅斯仍然是全球最重要的化肥供應國之一，其影響力自2022年以來從未減弱。”

Pickett補充道： “尿素和鉀肥很容易從其他地方採購，但美國進一步向加拿大採購鉀肥將增加其依賴，而它與加拿大目前的貿易正處於交互變化的動態。”

特朗普政府最近將對加拿大的關稅提高到最低35% - 除非商品符合美墨加自由貿易協定的條款 - 這加劇了美國與北方鄰國之間持續的貿易緊張局勢。

• 鈀：儘管自2021年以來，美國從俄羅斯進口的鈀已大幅減少，但數據顯示，截至今年6月，美國在2024年仍進口了價值8.78億美元的鈀，在2025年進口了價值 5.94 億美元的鈀。這種銀色金屬用於各種電子和工業產品，也是汽車催化轉換器的關鍵零件。

• 鈾和鈈：根據截至6月的人口普查數據，美國今年迄今已從俄羅斯進口了價值7.55億美元的鈾和鈈。 2024年，美國從俄羅斯進口了價值 6.24 億美元此類的商品。

（待續）