拜登行政命令去資助美國生物製造業

Recently Yahoo News on-line reported the following:

Biden executive order to fund U.S. biomanufacturing industry

Mon, September 12, 2022 at 2:08 AM

By Trevor Hunnicutt

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - President Joe Biden will sign orders on Monday to push more government dollars to the U.S. biotechnology industry, aimed at reducing dependence on China for materials to generate clean energy, weave new fabrics and inoculate populations against the COVID-19 pandemic.

The executive order allows the federal government to direct funding for the use of microbes and other biologically derived resources to make new foods, fertilizers and seeds, as well as making mining operations more efficient, administration officials said.

They did not provide any specifics on how much money would be available, where it would come from or how it would be allocated. Further details are expected at a White House summit on the topic Wednesday.

The U.S. federal government is already a source of funds to biotechnology research and development (R&D) through the National Institute of Health, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and other agencies. Overall U.S. funding for R&D has dropped as a percentage of gross domestic product since a peak in the 1950s, a trend Biden has pledged to reverse.

Potential applications range from the biodiesel fuels made by Renewable Energy Group to the COVID vaccines made by Pfizer-BioNTech or the genetically modified seeds made by Corteva Inc.

"Other countries, including and especially China are aggressively investing in this sector, which poses risks to U.S. leadership and competitiveness," said an administration official who declined to be named previewing Biden's actions.

Biden will discuss the order in Boston Monday, as he speaks about the "Cancer Moonshot," an effort to spur research, create new treatments and cut the death rate from that disease.

Biomanufacturing has been used to generate cancer treatments, including those derived from plants or using re-engineered immune cells.

Biden also will name Dr. Renee Wegrzyn, a longtime science adviser and who most recently served at the biotech company Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings Inc, as the first director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health, a U.S. government-run biomedical research group.

"Today, we have many of the building blocks needed to make significant progress treating cancer, but we must come together to deliver on the promise," said another administration official.

Biden's son Beau died of brain cancer in 2015 at age 46, something the president has said helps inform his passion for the project.

(Reporting by Trevor Hunnicutt; Editing by Heather Timmons and Aurora Ellis)

Translation

華盛頓（路透社）—美國總統拜登將於週一簽署命令，向美國生物技術行業提供更多政府資金，旨在減少依賴中國所生產的清潔能源、編織用新織物和為民眾接種 COVID-19 大流行的物料。

政府官員說, 行政命令允許聯邦政府直接資助使用微生物和其他生物衍生資源,以製造新的食品、肥料和種子，以及提高採礦作業的效率。

他們沒有提供任何關於可用資金、資金來源或分配方式的細節。預計更多細節將於週三在白宮就該主題舉行的峰會上提供。

美國聯邦政府已經通過美國國立衛生研究院、美國農業部和其他機構, 為生物技術研發 (R&D) 提供資金來源。自 1950 年代達到頂峰以來，美國的總體研發資金佔國內生產總值的百分比已經下降，拜登承諾要扭轉這一趨勢。

潛在應用範圍, 從可再生能源集團生產的生物柴油燃料, 到輝瑞-BioNTech 生產的 COVID 疫苗, 或 Corteva Inc. 生產的轉基因種子。

 一位不願透露姓名的政府官員在預覽拜登的行動時說: “包括中國在內的其他國家正在積極投資這一領域，這對美國的領導力和競爭力構成風險” 。

拜登週一將在波士頓討論該命令，他將談到 “挑戰癌症” ，旨在刺激研究、創造新的治療方法並降低該疾病的死亡率。

生物製造已被用於產生癌症治療，包括那些源自植物, 或使用重新再造的免疫細胞的治療。

拜登還將任命長期科學顧問、最近在生物技術公司 Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings Inc. 任職的 Renee Wegrzyn 博士擔任美國政府運營的生物醫學研究機構 Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health 的第一任主任。

另一位政府官員說: “今天，我們擁有在治療癌症方面取得重大進展所需的許多基石，但我們必須齊心協力去兌現承諾” 。

拜登的兒子 Beau 於 2015 年因腦癌去世，享年 46 歲，總統說這事有助於激發他對該項目的熱情。

So, President Joe Biden will sign orders to spend more government money on the U.S. biotechnology industry, aiming at reducing dependence on China for important materials. The Americans believe that China are aggressively investing in this sector, which could pose risks to U.S. leadership and competitiveness globally.