俄羅斯 - 計劃單獨力地行動, 推出新太空站模型

Recently Yahoo News on-line reported the following:

Russia, planning to go it alone, unveils model of new space station

Mon, August 15, 2022 at 6:52 AM

(Reuters) - Russia's space agency on Monday unveiled for the first time a physical model of what a planned new Russian-built space station will look like, suggesting Moscow is serious about abandoning the International Space Station (ISS) and going it alone.

Russia, in the throes of what some Kremlin hardliners believe is an historic rupture with the West sparked by sanctions imposed over what Moscow calls its "special military operation" in Ukraine, is rushing to reduce its dependency on Western nations and forge ahead on its own or cooperate with countries like China and Iran.

The West, which has accused Russia of prosecuting an unprovoked imperial-style war of aggression against Ukraine, has hit the Russian economy with sanctions designed to starve Moscow of technology, know-how and funds.

Russia's national space agency Roskosmos presented a model of the planned space station, dubbed "ROSS" by Russian state media, on Monday at "Army-2022", a military-industrial exhibition outside Moscow.

Yuri Borisov, whom President Vladimir Putin appointed last month to head Roskosmos, has said Russia will quit the ISS after 2024 and is working to develop its own orbital station.

Launched in 1998, the ISS has been continuously occupied since November 2000 under a U.S.-Russian-led partnership that also includes Canada, Japan and 11 European countries.

NASA, which is keen to keep the ISS operating until 2030, says it has not yet received official confirmation of Russia's planned withdrawal and had previously understood that Moscow would continue to participate until 2028.

Roskosmos said in a statement that the new space station would be launched in two phases, without giving dates.

The first phase would see a four-module space station start operating. That would later be followed by a further two modules and a service platform, it said. That would be enough, when completed, to accommodate up to four cosmonauts as well as scientific equipment.

Roskosmos has said the new station would afford Russian cosmonauts a much wider view of the Earth for monitoring purposes than they enjoy in their current segment.

Although designs for some of the new station already exist, design work is still underway on other segments.

Russian state media have suggested that the launch of the first stage is planned for 2025-26 and no later than 2030. Launch of the second and final stage is planned for 2030-35, they have reported.

The space station, as currently conceived, would not have a permanent human presence but would be staffed twice a year for extended periods.

Dmitry Rogozin, the previous head of Roskosmos and a hardliner known for his tough statements against the West, has suggested that the new space station could fulfil a military purpose if necessary.

(Writing by Andrew Osborn; Editing by Susan Fenton)

Translation

（路透社） - 俄羅斯航天局週一首次公佈了計劃中由俄羅斯建造的新太空站的外形，這表明莫斯科認真考慮放棄國際空間站（ISS）並獨力地行動。

在俄羅斯,在一些克里姆林宮強硬派認為，因莫斯科所謂的在烏克蘭的“特殊軍事行動”而受到製裁,是與西方發生歷史性決裂並在陣痛中，正在急於減少對西方國家的依賴，並獨力地或與中國和伊朗等國家合作前進。

西方指責俄羅斯對烏克蘭發動了一場無端的帝國式侵略戰爭，故以製裁措施去打擊俄羅斯經濟,旨在讓莫斯科缺乏技術、專有技術和資金。

週一，俄羅斯國家航天局 Roskosmos 在莫斯科郊外的軍工展覽 “Army-2022” 上展示了計劃中的太空站模型，模型被俄羅斯官方媒體稱為“ROSS”。

上月被俄羅斯總統普京任命領導俄羅斯聯邦航天局的 Yuri Borisov 表示俄羅斯將在 2024 年之後退出國際太空站，並正在努力開發自己的軌道太空站。

國際太空站於 1998 年啟動，自 2000 年 11 月以來一直基於由美國和俄羅斯領導的伙伴關係下被使用，使用者還包括加拿大、日本和 11 個歐洲國家。

熱衷於讓國際太空站運行到 2030 年的美國國家航空航天局表示，尚未收到俄羅斯計劃退出的官方確認，並且在此之前了解莫斯科將繼續參與到 2028 年。

Roskosmos在一份聲明中表示，新太空站將分兩個階段發射，但沒有給出日期。

第一階段將看到一個有四模塊的太空站開始運行。它說隨後將有另外兩個模塊和一個服務平台。這足以容納多達四名宇航員以及科學設備。

Roskosmos 表示，新站將為俄羅斯宇航員提供比他們目前所享受的更廣闊的地球視野，以進行監測。

雖然一些新站的設計已經存在，但其他部分的設計工作仍在進行中。

俄羅斯官方媒體暗示第一階段的發射計劃在 2025-26 年且不遲於 2030 年進行。據他們報導，第二階段和最後階段的發射計劃在 2030-35 年進行。

按照目前的設想，太空站不會有永久性的人類逗留，而是會每年有兩次較長時間有工作人員逗留。

Roskosmos 的前任負責人、以對西方發表強硬聲明而聞名的強硬派 Dmitry Rogozin 表示，如果有必要，新空間站可以實現軍事目的。

So, Russia's space agency unveils a planned new Russian-built space station, suggesting that Moscow is serious about abandoning the International Space Station (ISS) and going on with a new space project on its alone. This is beyond my expectation. I was expecting that Russia would do it jointly with China.