新型コロナ、抗体による免疫の保証なし ＷＨＯが警告
2020.04.26 Sun posted at 10:22 JST
（ＣＮＮ） 世界保健機関（ＷＨＯ）は２４日、新型コロナウイルス感染症にかかった人が必ずしも免疫を獲得し、再感染しなくなるとの保証はないと警告した。
一部の国では現在、新型ウイルス感染症に一度かかれば免疫ができて通常の生活に戻れるとの推測に基づき、回復者への「免疫証明」発行などが検討されている。
ＷＨＯは報告書の中で、現時点では感染者の体内に抗体ができることによる免疫の有効性を裏付ける十分な証拠がなく、こうした証明書の精度は保証できないと述べた。
ＷＨＯのマリア・ファン・ケルクホーフェ博士はすでに、感染者が完全な免疫を獲得するかどうかは不明だと述べていた。新たな報告書の見解もこれと一致する。
米感染症学会（ＩＤＳＡ）の報道担当者で米ラッシュ大学医療センターの感染症部門を率いるメアリー・ヘイデン博士は同日の会見で、「抗体を持つ人に再感染のリスクがあるかどうかは分かっていない。危険性はあると想定せざるを得ない」と語った。
ヘイデン氏はさらに、抗体に防御力があったとしてもそれが完全なのか部分的なのか、どの程度持続するのかは不明だと指摘。抗体による反応は時間がたてば弱まることは分かっていると強調した。
ＩＤＳＡは、抗体を持つ人も引き続き人との接触を極力避けるなど、現在の行動を変えないことが重要との立場を示す。ヘイデン氏は、抗体を誤って解釈すれば自分の身を無用の危険にさらす人が出てくるかもしれないと警告した。
Translation
(CNN) The World Health Organization (WHO) warned that people
with new coronavirus infection would not necessarily get immunity and that
there was no guarantee on not being re-infected again.
In some countries, an "immunity certificate” was
currently being considered to be issued to healers based on the speculation
that once a new virus infection had occurred, they were immunized and could return to normal life.
The WHO said in its report that there was currently
insufficient evidence to support the effectiveness of immunity due to the
formation of antibodies in the infected body, and the accuracy of these
certificates could not be guaranteed.
WHO's Dr. Maria van Kerkhoffe had already said that it was unclear if infected individuals could develop complete immunity. The views of
the new report were in line with this.
Dr. Hayden, a spokeswoman for the American Academy of
Infectious Diseases (IDSA) and head of the Infectious Diseases Department at
Rush University Medical Center, said in a press conference on the same day that,
"It is not known whether people with antibodies are at risk of
reinfection. I have to assume that there is a risk. "
Hayden also pointed out that even supposed that the antibody
had protective power, it was unclear if it was complete or partial, and how
long it could last. He emphasized that the antibody response was known to weaken over time.
IDSA pointed out the important point of not to change
current behavior, for example people who had antibodies continued to avoid
contacting with others as much as possible. Mr. Hayden warned that
misinterpreting the antibody could put people at unnecessary risk.
So, at
this moment our knowledge about the antibody of new virus is very limited. I
hope politicians should avoid promoting its effectiveness too early for the
purpose of gaining political mileage.
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