アイリスオーヤマ、マスク国内生産 中国に材料頼らず
2020/4/21 18:00 (2020/4/22 3:23更新)日本経済新聞 電子版
アイリスオーヤマ（仙台市）は国内でマスクの一貫生産を始める。不織布などの材料も含め、中国などの企業に頼らずほぼ全てを国内で作れるようにする。政府は緊急経済対策に盛り込んだサプライチェーン（供給網）再編を支援する補助金対象の第1弾として認める方向だ。新型コロナウイルスの被害の拡大を受け、調達や生産を見直す動きが広がる。
アイリスは6月にも宮城県角田市の工場で家庭用マスクの製造を始める。8月には月1.5億枚程度の生産をめざす。現在は中国の大連と蘇州の2工場でマスクを生産し、不織布などの主な材料は中国の企業から仕入れている。宮城の工場では材料も内製し、他社からの調達を不要にする。
政府は2020年度の補正予算案に、供給網再編を後押しする事業費として総額2400億円超を計上した。国内での生産体制や調達網の強化といった投資を支援する。
アイリスは当初、マスク生産支援の補助金のみ利用を見込んでいたが、製造工程の計画を見直し供給網再編の補助金も追加で申請する。投資額は当初の約10億円から約30億円に増やし、約4分の3を補助金でまかなう。
新型コロナウイルスの感染拡大で世界的に生産や物流が滞り、企業活動に及ぼす影響が深刻になっている。日本企業は部品や部材などの輸入でアジアへの依存度が高く、特に中国への依存度は2割を超えている。
安倍晋三首相は3月の未来投資会議で「一国への依存度が高い製品で付加価値が高いものは日本への生産拠点の回帰をはかり、そうでないものについても東南アジア諸国連合（ASEAN）への多元化をはかる」と強調した。政府は危機時も安定した調達や生産を維持できるかについて検討を促し、自動車部品や電子部品などの分野でも改革を後押しする方針だ。
Translation
Iris Oyama (Sendai City) began an integrated production of
masks in Japan. Almost all materials, including non-woven fabrics, would be
made domestically without relying on companies such as those in China. The
government intended to see it as the first wave of targets for subsidy in the
reorganization of the supply chain (supply network) included in the emergency
economic measures. Due to the wide spread damage by the new coronavirus, there was
a growing movement to review procurement and production.
Iris would begin manufacturing household masks at its
factory in Kakuda City, Miyagi Prefecture in June. It aimed to produce about
150 million pieces per month by August. Currently, it produced masks in two
factories in Dalian and Suzhou of China, and the main materials such as
non-woven fabrics were procured from Chinese companies. The Miyagi factory also
manufactured materials in-house, eliminating the need for procurement from
other companies.
The government's supplementary budget for FY2020 was over
240 billion yen, in order to support project cost for the reorganization of the
supply network. It supported investments that would strengthen domestic
production systems and procurement networks.
Initially, Iris expected to use only subsidies for mask
production support, but might review the manufacturing process plan and apply
for subsidies for reorganizing the supply network. The investment amount would
be increased from about 1 billion yen to about 3 billion yen, and about three
quarters of them would be covered by subsidies.
Due to the spread of new coronavirus infection, production
and logistics had been delayed worldwide, and the impact on corporate
activities was becoming serious. Japanese companies were highly depending on
Asia for importing parts and components, particularly depended on China with
over 20%.
At the Future Investment
Conference in March Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said, "Products that depend on one country and have high
added value will be returned to Japan as production bases, and those that are
not will be sent to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) with an
intention for diversification.” The government would promote a study on whether
stable procurement and production could be maintained even in times of crisis,
and would support reforms in fields such as automobile parts and electronic
parts.
So, Japan
is diversifying some of its production by moving away from China to avoid over dependence. Indeed, such a
thinking had been advocated by Taiwan many years ago and this movement was
called “Going South”. Taiwan’s purpose is to reduce its reliance on mainland
China. Recently similar suggestion has been made by President Trump towards the
American companies inside China.
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