中國成為容整大国

Recently the Yomiuri News reported the following:

「美容整形大国」の中国で、１１月中旬、２４歳の女性タレントが整形手術後に急死する事故があり、その影響で業界が冷え込んでいる。中国紙「北京晨報」などによると、主な医療機関で予約のキャンセルが相次ぎ、従来より４割減少した。書き入れ時の旧正月（来年２月３日）を前に、関係者からは、「こうした状況が３か月～半年は続きそうだ」との声も出ている。
　このタレントは、国民的な人気オーディション番組「超級女声」出身。中国中部・湖北省武漢で、アゴの骨を削る手術を受けた際に呼吸困難に陥り、約１日半後死亡した。原因は特定されないままだ。
　都市部での富裕層の増大に伴い、「人造美女」（整形美女）を目指す女性は、芸能人から会社員、就職に役立てようとする女子大生に至るまで増える一方だ。衛生省によると、年間数十万人が美容整形手術を受けている。だが、急成長する業界は玉石混交で、誇大広告で暴利をむさぼる業者も少なくない。医療免許がないのに手術を行うところもあり、事故が頻発している。女性タレントの事故を受けて、衛生省では、近く全国的な摘発作戦を展開し、違法業者を取り締まる方針だという。

China, as a "Cosmetic surgery large country", in the middle of November had an accident in which a 24-year-old female talent died suddenly after receiving plastic operation, affected by that the industry had gotten cold. Reservation cancellation came one after another in the main medical institutions, and it had decreased so far by 40 percent according to the Chinese paper "Beijing Morning Post" etc. It was written at the time before the Lunar Chinese New Year (February 3 next year), and the voice of parties concerned was also heard saying that "It seems that such a situation would continue from three months to half a year" .
This talent came from the nationally popular audition program "Super-class female voice". She became unable to breathe when undergoing the operation to trim the jaw bone which took place in Wubei of Wuhan Province, and she died about one and a half days later. The cause could not be specified.
In the city, as the well-to-do population increased, the number of women who aimed at "Artificial beautiful woman" (beautiful woman with plastic operation) kept increasing, from college women who tried to use it to find employment to company employed entertainers. According to the Health ministry, several hundred thousand people a year had received the cosmetic surgery. However, the number of traders of the industry grew rapidly and there was a mixture of good and bad, some made undue profits by exaggerating the advertisement. They continued operating although without medical treatment license, and accidents happened frequently. Noting the female talent's accident, Health Ministry was said to have started in progress a nationwide prosecution operation recently, the target was to band the illegal operators.

I am wondering how could medical operations be carried without a licence from the authority.