Recently Yahoo New on-line reported the following:
China Orders Government, State Firms to Dump Foreign PCs
Bloomberg News
Fri, May 6, 2022, 7:27 AM
Staff were asked after the week-long May break to turn in foreign PCs for local alternatives that run on operating software developed domestically, people familiar with the plan said. The exercise, which was mandated by central government authorities, is likely to eventually replace at least 50 million PCs on a central-government level alone, they said, asking to remain anonymous discussing a sensitive matter.
The decision advances China’s decade-long campaign to replace imported technology with local alternatives, a sweeping effort to reduce its dependence on geopolitical rivals such as the U.S. for everything from semiconductors to servers and phones. It’s likely to directly affect sales by HP Inc. and Dell Technologies Inc., the country’s biggest PC brands after local champion Lenovo Group Ltd. Shares of HP and Dell were both down about 2.5% in New York Friday morning.
Lenovo erased losses to climb as much as 5% on Friday in Hong Kong, while software developer Kingsoft Corp. also recouped its earlier decline to gain as much as 3.3%. On mainland Chinese exchanges, Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., a server maker, gained 6% while peer Dawning Information Industry Co. jumped more than 4%. Inspur Software Co., an affiliate of the Inspur group, and China National Software & Service Co. both soared their daily 10% limits.
The push to replace foreign suppliers is part of a longstanding effort to wean China off its reliance on American technology -- a vulnerability exposed after sanctions against companies like Huawei Technologies Co. hammered local firms and businesses. That initiative has accelerated since 2021, when the Chinese central government quietly empowered a secretive government-backed organization to vet and approve local suppliers in sensitive areas from cloud to semiconductors.
The latest PC replacement project also reflects Beijing’s growing concerns around information security as well as a confidence in homegrown hardware: the world’s biggest laptop and server makers today include Lenovo, Huawei and Inspur Ltd., while local developers such as Kingsoft and Standard Software have made rapid strides in office software against the likes of Microsoft Corp. and Adobe Inc.
What Bloomberg Intelligence Says
Lenovo could dramatically boost sales on Beijing’s order that central government agencies and state-backed companies replace foreign-branded computers, as reported by Bloomberg News. This would amount to more than 50 million PCs over the next two years. The nation’s No. 1 PC maker relies on U.S. chips, but has set up its own chip-making unit and invested in at least 15 semiconductor design firms.
- Nathan Naidu, analyst
China has been encouraging use of home-made IT products in government agencies for at least a decade, regularly barring certain products from official procurement lists. In response, U.S. IT giants such as Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. and Microsoft have set up joint ventures with firms backed by the Chinese government, to secure orders from the richest state-owned companies.
That process has long been dogged by inadequacies in Chinese-developed software and circuitry, forcing users to rely on imported equipment. That changed in recent years, as local champions such as Inspur and Lenovo gained global market share, though their products still rely on cutting-edge American components such as semiconductors from Intel Corp. or Advanced Micro Devices Inc. As of Friday, HP-branded machines were still available for purchase on a website used by central government procurement bodies, though it’s unclear if transactions would go through.
The latest government directive is likely to cover only PC brands and software, and exclude hard-to-replace components, including microprocessors, the people said. China will mostly encourage Linux-based operating systems to replace Microsoft’s Windows. Shanghai-based Standard Software is one of the top providers of such tools, one person said.
Certain agencies, including state-owned media and cybersecurity bodies, may continue to buy advanced foreign equipment under special permits as they always have, one of the people said. But that permit system could be tightened in future, the person said.
Translation
（彭博社）- 中國已下令中央政府機構和國家支持的企業在兩年內, 用國產電腦替代外國品牌的個人電腦，這是北京迄今為止在其最敏感的機構內,
根除關鍵海外技術的最積極努力之一.
知情人士說，在為期一周的五月假期之後，工作人員被要求上交外國 PC，以換取由國內開發的操作軟件運行的本地出品。他們說，這項由中央政府當局授權的行動最終可能最終取代至少 5,000 萬台中央政府層級的個人電腦，因在討論敏感問題知情人士要求保持匿名。
這一決定推動了中國長達十年的用本地替代技術去取代進口技術的運動，這是一項全面的努力去減少其在由半導體到伺服器和手機等所有領域, 對美國等地緣政治競爭對手的依賴。這可能會直接影響惠普公司和戴爾科技公司的銷售，這兩家公司是繼中國本地聯想集團之後最大的個人電腦品牌。惠普和戴爾的股價週五早上在紐約均下跌了約 2.5%。
週五，聯想在香港收復失地，漲幅高達 5%，而軟件開發商金山軟件公司也收復了早些時候的跌幅，漲幅高達 3.3%。在中國大陸的交易所，服務器製造商浪潮電子信息產業股份有限公司上漲了 6%，而同行曙光信息產業股份有限公司則上漲了 4% 以上。浪潮集團的附屬公司浪潮軟件有限公司和中國軟件服務有限公司均飆升到其每日 10% 的上限。
推動取代外國供應商是中國擺脫對美國技術依賴的長期努力的一部分 - 在對華為技術公司等公司實施制裁重創當地公司和企業後，這一漏洞暴露無遺。自 2021 年以來，這一舉措加快了步伐，當時中國中央政府悄悄授權一個由政府支持的秘密機構去審查和批准從雲端到半導體等敏感領域的本地供應商。
最新的 PC 更換項目也反映了北京對日益增長的信息安全擔憂以及對國產硬件的信心：當今世界上最大的便攜式電腦和服務器製造商包括聯想、華為和浪潮有限公司。而 “金山軟件”和 “標準軟件”等本地開發商在辦公軟件上, 與微軟公司和 Adobe Inc. 等公司相比已, 已經取得了長足的進步。
知情人士說，該活動稍後將擴大到省級政府，並依從一個兩年的時間表。工業和信息化部和國務院新聞辦公室沒有回覆傳真送出的置評請求。
彭博情報說什麼
正如彭博社報導，如果北京下令中央政府機構和國家支持的公司更換外國品牌的電腦，聯想可能會大幅提升銷量。這將在未來兩年內達到超過 5,000 萬台 PC。這國家第一大個人電腦製造商依賴美國芯片，但已經建立了自己的芯片製造部門，並投資了至少 15 家半導體設計公司。
- Nathan Naidu，分析師
至少十年來，中國一直鼓勵政府機構使用國產 IT 產品，並經常將某些產品排除在官方採購清單之外。作為回應，惠普和微軟等美國 IT 巨頭與中國政府支持的公司成立了合資企業，以爭取最富有的國有企業的訂單。
這一過程長期以來一直受到中國開發的軟件和電路不足的困擾，迫使用戶依賴進口設備。近年來，這種情況發生了變化，因為浪潮和聯想等本土巨頭獲得了全球市場份額，儘管它們的產品仍然依賴於尖端的美國組件，例如英特爾公司或Advanced Micro Devices Inc.的半導體。截至週五，惠普品牌的產品仍然可以在中央政府採購機構使用的網站上購買，但尚不清楚交易是否會通過。
知情人士說，最新的政府指令可能只涵蓋個人電腦品牌和軟件，不包括微處理器等難以更換的組件。中國將主要鼓勵基於 Linux 的操作系統取代微軟的 Windows。一位知情人士說，總部位於上海的”標準軟件”是此類工具的頂級供應商之一。
其中一位知情人士說，包括國有媒體和網絡安全機構在內的某些機構可能會像往常一樣，在獲得特別許可的情況下繼續購買先進的外國設備。但該人士表示，未來可能會收緊許可證制度。
So, China has ordered central government
agencies and state-backed corporations to replace foreign-branded personal
computers with domestic alternatives within two years. I think computer is only
one of the many areas that China is competing with the US.
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