Recently Nihon Keizai Shimbun Electronic Edition reported the following:
EV航続距離、最大5割増 ダイキンが空調用省エネ冷媒
【イブニングスクープ】
2021年7月7日 18:00
[有料会員限定]
ダイキン工業は電気自動車（EV）のエアコンに使う省エネ性能の高い冷媒を開発した。エアコンに使う電力を大幅に減らし、EVの航続距離を最大5割伸ばせるという。2025年をめどに実用化する。使用状況によりEVの消費電力の5割を占めることもある空調の技術革新は、運輸部門の温暖化ガス排出削減につながる。
エアコンは冷媒を圧縮することで発生する熱などを利用して空気を温めたり冷やしたりする。ダイキンの新たな冷媒は成分の工夫により沸点をセ氏零下40度程度と従来品より10～15度低くした。圧縮に必要な電力を減らせる。
日本の都市部などでエアコンを使い続ける場合、フル充電で200キロメートル走るEVなら、距離を最大100㌔伸ばせるとダイキンはみている。
EV用エアコンの冷媒は現在、米ハネウェルと米ケマーズ（旧デュポン）が共同開発した製品が主流だ。価格はEV1台分で3万円前後。
ダイキンは新たな冷媒の価格について「（ハネウェルなどの）市場価格を見ながら検討する」としている。電池の容量を増やしてEVの走行距離を100キロメートル伸ばすには数十万円がかかるため、仮に冷媒の費用が2倍になっても自動車メーカーなどにとってはメリットがありそうだ。
実用化に必要な認定を米国の機関に申請した。今後は米自動車技術会（SAE）で実際のカーエアコンで稼働させた際の性能や安全性を検証する。
英調査会社IHSマークイットによると、EVの世界生産台数が25年に1184万台と20年の5.3倍に増える見込み。走行距離を伸ばすため、リチウムイオン電池に比べ電気を蓄える量が多い全固体電池の開発をトヨタ自動車などが進めている。
Translation
Daikin Industries, Ltd. had developed a highly energy-saving refrigerant for use in air conditioners for electric vehicles (EVs). It was said that the power used for the air conditioner could be significantly reduced and the cruising range of the EV could be extended by up to 50%. The goal was to commercialize it in 2025. Technological innovation in air conditioning, which could account for 50% of EV power consumption depending on usage, might lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector.
Air conditioners used the heat etc. generated by compressing the refrigerant to heat or cool the air. Daikin's new refrigerant, by devising the ingredients, could lower the boiling point to about 40 degrees Celsius which was 10 to 15 degrees lower than the conventional products. The power required for compression could thus be reduced.
Daikin believed that if to continue to use the air conditioner in urban areas of Japan, the distance could be extended by up to 100 kilometers with an EV that ran 200 kilometers on a full charge.
Currently, the mainstream refrigerant for EV air conditioners was a product jointly developed by Honeywell and Chemours (formerly DuPont). The price was around 30,000 yen for one EV.
Daikin said it would "consider the price of the new refrigerant while looking at market prices (such as Honeywell)." It required hundreds of thousands of yen to increase the capacity of the battery and extend the mileage of the EV by 100 kilometers, so even if the cost of the refrigerant was doubled, to automobile manufacturers it still seemed to be beneficial.
A certification necessary for practical was being applied to a U.S. agency. In the future, the American Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (SAE) would verify performance and safety when operating an actual car air conditioner.
Daikin, which had the world's top sales in air conditioning, was also the world's leading refrigerant manufacturer, but it had not entered the market for car air conditioners. In order to achieve the theoretical performance, it would be essential to collaborate with automobile manufacturers and car air conditioner manufacturers which presently had little relationship with Daikin. It would also be a challenge to deal with automakers that had strong cost reduction demands on their business partners, and to be able to secure sufficient profits.
According to British research firm IHS Markit, global production of EVs was expected to be 11.84 million units in 2025, an increase of 5.3 times over that of 2020. In order to extend the mileage, Toyota Motor Corporation and others were developing an all-solid-state battery that could store more electricity than the lithium-ion battery.
So, Daikin
Industries, Ltd. is developing a highly energy-saving refrigerant for use in
air conditioners for electric vehicles (EVs). The technology in making more efficient
battery is developing fast globally.
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