Recently Nihon Keizai Shimbun Electronic Edition reported the following:
G7首脳、共同宣言を採択 「台湾海峡」初の明記
G7首脳会議
2021年6月13日 22:20
(2021年6月14日 2:20更新) [有料会員限定]
【コーンウォール（英南西部）=三木理恵子】主要7カ国首脳会議（G7サミット）は13日午後（日本時間同日夜）、閉幕した。共同宣言で「台湾海峡の平和と安定の重要性を強調し、両岸問題の平和的解決を促す」と言及した。「自由や平等、人権の保護などの力を使って挑戦に打ち勝つ」と記し、民主主義諸国の結束を訴えた。
日本の外務省によるとG7首脳の共同宣言で台湾海峡に関する文言が入るのは初めて。5月上旬のG7外相会合と同様の表現を盛り込んだ。
菅義偉首相は討議終了後、記者団に「自由で開かれた国際秩序の確立に努めることを方向付けできた」と語った。議長国のジョンソン英首相は記者会見で「G7がすべきなのは民主主義と自由と人権の利点を世界に示すことだ」と総括した。
今回のサミットは覇権主義的な行動を強める中国にG7がどのようなメッセージを出すかに注目が集まった。
新疆ウイグル自治区の人権問題や香港の統制強化にも触れた。「中国に人権と基本的自由を尊重するよう求めるなど、我々の価値観を推進していく」と唱えた。
経済面でも中国を名指しし「世界経済の公正性や透明性を傷つける慣行や市場をゆがめる政策に対し（G7が）集団的に対応する」と明記した。
具体策として新疆ウイグル自治区などで指摘される強制労働の根絶のため、各国の貿易相に供給網の分析を指示した。
中国の広域経済圏構想「一帯一路」への対抗も意識し、上質で透明性の高いインフラ投資に取り組む方針を示した。G7で作業部会を立ち上げ秋までに具体策を報告する。5G分野など通信機器の供給網の協力も含めた。
サミットの共同宣言に中国に関する内容をここまで書き込むのは異例だ。
米政府は「バイデン大統領が世界の民主主義諸国に要請した主要な取り組みだ」と説明した。バイデン氏はサミット後の記者会見で「世界の脅威に立ち向かう唯一の方法は協力することだ」と述べた。
新型コロナウイルス対策で途上国への10億回分のワクチン提供に合意した。米英両政府はG7がコロナ危機当初から20億回分の供与を手掛けたことになると指摘した。
コロナの発生源について「中国も含めてタイムリーで透明性の高い専門家主導の研究を求める」と提起した。
気候変動問題も重要議題になった。宣言で温暖化ガスの排出削減対策が施されていない石炭火力発電への公的な国際支援を21年末までに停止すると書き込んだ。
東京五輪・パラリンピックは「新型コロナ克服に向けた世界の団結の象徴」と位置付けた。G7として「安全、安心な方法での開催の支持」を表明した。
菅首相は13日、記者団に「何としても成功させないといけないとの思いだ。しっかり開会し成功に導かないといけないと決意を新たにした」と発言した。サミットで各首脳へ感染対策などを説明し「全首脳から大変力強い支持をいただいた」と話した。
Translation
[Cornwall (Southwestern England) = Rieko Miki] The Group of Seven Summit (G7 Summit) ended on the afternoon of the 13th (the same night of Japan time). In a joint declaration it said "We emphasize the importance of peace and stability in the Straits of Taiwan and promote a peaceful resolution of cross-strait issues". It called for the unity of democracies, stating that “they would use their powers to overcome the challenges in freedom, equality and protection of human rights etc.”
According to Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, this was
the first time that the G7 leaders' joint declaration included wording about
the Taiwan Strait. It included the same expressions as used in the G7 Foreign
Ministers' Meeting held in early May.
After the discussion, Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga told reporters, "We were able to direct our efforts to establish a free and open international order." British Prime Minister Johnson summed up at a press conference that "What the G7 should do is to show the world the benefits of democracy, freedom and human rights."
At this summit, attention was focused on what kind of message the G7 should send to China which was strengthening its hegemonic behavior.
The Joint Declaration pointed out, with China's advance into
the ocean in mind, "the importance of maintaining a free and open
Indo-Pacific". It also stated that, about the situation in the East and South
China Seas, they "have serious concerns and
strongly oppose any one-sided attempts to change the status quo and increase
tensions."
It also touched on human rights issues in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the tightening of control in Hong Kong. It said "We will promote our values, such as by asking China to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms".
In terms of economy, it named China and stated that "(G7) will collectively respond to practices that undermine the fairness and transparency of the world economy and policies that distort markets."
As a concrete measure, in order to eradicate forced labor pointed out in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, they instructed the trade ministers of each country to analyze the supply network.
It also stated that they would work on high-quality and highly transparent infrastructure investment, conscious of the opposition to China's wide-area economic zone concept "One Belt, One Road." A working group would be set up at the G7 to report concrete measures by autumn. It also included cooperation in the supply network of communication equipment such as in the 5G field.
It was unusual to write so much about China in a joint declaration of the summit.
The US government said, "It's a major initiative of President Biden to ask the democratic countries around the world". Biden said at a press conference after the summit that, "The only way to tackle global threats is to work together.”
It was agreed to provide 1 billion vaccines to developing countries as a countermeasure against the new coronavirus. The US and UK governments pointed out that the G7 had already provided 2 billion doses since the beginning of the corona crisis.
Regarding the origin of corona, it was mentioned that, "We seek a timely and highly transparent expert-led research, including in China."
Climate change issues had also become an important agenda item. The declaration stated that public international support for coal-fired power generation would be suspended by the end of 2021 for those which have not taken measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics had been positioned as "a symbol of world unity to overcome the new corona." As for the G7, it announced "supports for holding the event in a safe and secure manner."
Prime Minister Suga told reporters on the 13th that, "I think I have to succeed at all costs. I have renewed my determination to open the meeting firmly and lead to success." At the summit, he explained to each leader about infection control measures and said, "We received very strong support from all the leaders."
So, it
seems that some kind of united front is being formed among these seven
countries in their stance towards China regarding the importance of peace and
stability in the Straits of Taiwan and promoting a peaceful resolution of
cross-strait issues. Also, an understanding has been achieved on what the G7
should do is to show the world the benefits of democracy, freedom and human
rights. They also express serious concerns and strongly oppose any one-sided
attempts to change the status quo of the Taiwan Strait.
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