Recently Nihon Keizai Shimbun electronic version reported the following:
中国 ハイテクで存在感 シェア首位12品目、日本抜く
【イブニングスクープ】
米中衝突 ネット・IT エレクトロニクス 自動車・機械 環境エネ・素材
2020/8/12 18:00日本経済新聞 電子版
中国企業が旺盛な内需をテコに、世界のハイテク市場で一段と存在感を高めている。日本経済新聞社がまとめた2019年「主要商品・サービスシェア調査」で、中国は電子部材など前年より2品目多い12品目でトップシェアを獲得した。日本を逆転し、国・地域別で2位になった。米中対立の逆風下でも中国企業は価格競争力を生かして、25品目でシェア首位の米国勢を追っている。（詳細を13日付日経産業新聞に）
調査対象は74品目。このうち中国勢は、スマートフォン向けの中小型液晶パネルと電気自動車などにも使うリチウムイオン電池向け絶縁体で、いずれも日本企業から首位を奪った。中小型液晶で京東方科技集団（BOE）がジャパンディスプレイを、スマホや電気自動車に搭載されるリチウムイオン電池の性能を決める絶縁体では上海エナジーが旭化成をそれぞれ上回った。
パソコンではレノボ・グループがシェア24.2%と18年比1.2ポイント伸ばして、18年に同率首位だった米HPを超えた。
米政府が事実上の禁輸措置などをとった華為技術（ファーウェイ）も勢いを保った。スマホのシェアを17.6%と2.9ポイント伸ばし、初めて米アップルを抜いて韓国サムスン電子に次ぐ2位についた。米調査会社IDCの最新統計では、ファーウェイのシェアは2020年4～6月期に20.0%と前年同期比2.3ポイント増えて四半期ベースで初の首位に躍り出た。
5年前のスマホ市場はサムスン電子とアップルで39%の世界シェアを握り、ファーウェイは5%台にすぎなかった。19年はファーウェイと小米（シャオミ）、OPPO（オッポ）の中国3社で計35%を占め、主役は交代しつつある。
携帯電話の基地局でも、首位のファーウェイは19年にシェアを5ポイント近く伸ばして世界出荷額の3分の1を押さえた。高速通信規格「5G」投資で新興国開拓にも走り、米国などの強い警戒感につながっている。
長引く米中対立がファーウェイの逆風になった品目もある。通信機器のルーターでは、世界シェア64.7%で首位の米シスコシステムズが2位のファーウェイとの差を5ポイントほど広げた。
米国勢はサーバーやクラウドサービスなどIT（情報技術）関連の主要インフラで首位を堅持。仮想現実（VR）ヘッドセットもフェイスブックがシェアを伸ばして31.4%と、ソニーを抑えて首位に立った。
20年の見通しを各調査会社に聞いたところ、中国企業は自国の公共投資や新興国市場を取り込み、ファーウェイの携帯基地局などトップ企業のシェアは維持されるとの予測が目立つ。
ハイテク以外でも、新型コロナウイルスの流行が世界経済に打撃を与える中で中国勢が生産回復を急ぎ、シェアを上げる動きが出ている。
粗鋼生産量のシェアでは19年に2位の宝武鋼鉄集団が買収効果で5.1%と、首位の欧州アルセロール・ミタルを0.1ポイント差まで急追。世界鉄鋼協会によると、20年1～6月は世界64カ国・地域別の粗鋼生産量（速報値）で主要国では中国のみ増えた。
ただ、先行きには不透明感がある。20年は米国による中国ハイテク企業に対する封じ込めが続き、スマホや監視カメラなどで欧米の採用見送りが広がる可能性がある。21年にかけて、ハイテク分野の部品調達が厳しくなり、中国勢に逆風が強まるとの見方もある。
世界の主要商品・サービスシェア調査は各調査機関の推計を基に、18年と19年のシェアを算出して比較した。
Translation
Chinese companies were leveraging their strong domestic
demand to further increase their presence in the global high-tech market. In
the 2019 “Main Product/Service Share Survey” compiled by Nihon Keizai Shimbun,
China gained the top share in 12 items, which was two items more than the
previous year, including electronic materials. It reversed Japan and came in
second in categories by country and region. Even under the headwind of the
US-China confrontation, Chinese companies were taking advantage of price
competitiveness to catch up with the US that had the top market share for 25
items. (For details see Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun dated 13th)
The survey targeted at 74 items. Among them, the Chinese had won the leading place from Japanese companies for both small and medium-sized LCD panels for smartphones, and insulators for lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. Regarding small and medium-sized LCDs, the Kyoto Eastern Technology Group (BOE) surpassed Japan Display; and for the insulators that determined the performance of lithium-ion batteries installed in smartphones and electric vehicles, Shanghai Energy surpassed Asahi Kasei.
In terms of personal computers, the Lenovo Group's share was 24.2%, up 1.2 points from 2018, surpassing the US HP, which was the leader in 2018 in the same category.
Huawei, which the US government took a de facto embargo, also gained momentum. The share of smartphones increased by 2.9 points to reach 17.6%, surpassing Apple in the United States for the first time and second only to Samsung Electronics of South Korea. According to the latest statistics from the US research firm IDC, Huawei's market share was 20.0% in the April-June period of 2020, up 2.3 points from the same period of the previous year, and jumped to the first place on a quarterly basis.
Five years ago, Samsung and Apple had a 39% global share of the smartphone market, with Huawei only in the 5% range. In 2019, the three Chinese companies Huawei, Xiaomi, and OPPO accounted for 35% in total, and the leading role was changing.
Even in mobile phone base stations, Huawei that was in the lead, increased its market share by nearly 5 points in 2019, holding one-third of global shipments. Its investment in the high-speed communication standard “5G” had helped cultivate emerging countries, leading to a strong sense of caution in the United States and other countries.
For some items, the prolonged US-China confrontation had been a headwind for Huawei. In the field of routers for communication equipment, Cisco Systems, which had the largest market share of 64.7%, widened the difference with Huawei, which was second, by about 5 points.
The United States held top positions in major IT (information technology) related infrastructure such as servers and cloud services. As well as virtual reality (VR) headsets, Facebook increased its market share to 31.4%, surpassing Sony to take the lead.
When we asked each research company about the outlook for 2020, it was conjectured that Chinese companies would attract both their own country’s public investment and the emerging country markets, and it was predicted that the share of top companies such as Huawei's mobile base stations would be maintained.
Besides the high-tech, as the new coronavirus epidemic hit the global economy, it was observed that the Chinese were rushing to recover their production and movement to increase their shares.
Regarding the share of crude steel production, due to the acquiring effect over Baowu Steel Group which was in the second place in 2019, was now standing at 5.1%, chasing to 0.1-point difference behind Europe's top ArcelorMittal. According to the World Iron and Steel Association, crude steel production among the 64 countries and regions in the world (preliminary figures) from January to June 2010, only China had increased production among major countries.
However, the future was uncertain. In 2020, the US might continue to shut in the Chinese high-tech companies, and there was a possibility that the acceptance by Western countries on smartphones and surveillance cameras could stop. Some said that the procurement of parts in the high-tech field could become difficult by 2021, and headwinds would increase for the Chinese groups.
In the world major product/service share survey, the shares
of 2018 and 19 were calculated and compared based on the estimates of each
research institute.
So, Japan
is having a hard time in maintaining its leading position in making high-tech
products in some fields.
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