【分析】特朗普的國家安全戰略是對其前任建立的世界秩序的徹底否定（1/2）

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[Analysis] Trump’s National Security Strategy is a dramatic rejection of the world order his predecessors created (1/2)

The Globe and Mail - 8 Dec 2025

Analysis

By David Shribman - Special to The Globe and Mail  (a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada)

Having disrupted American politics, Donald Trump now is taking his most decisive step yet to disrupt world politics.

A 33-page National Security Strategy document released by his administration late last week amounts to a repudiation of the core precepts of three-quarters of a century of American foreign policy, a scathing critique of recent American history, a rejection of central elements of the country’s political character, and a strong indictment of the assumptions, institutions and byways of the world order that Mr. Trump’s predecessors created.

The Trump administration’s statement of national-security priorities, required by a 1986 law, is a disavowal of many if not all of the characteristics of global power that – in a great irony – permit Mr. Trump to have the military, economic and cultural assets and independence to reject them.

Mr. Trump’s policy pronouncement is a radical document, the most dramatic American statement since the Marshall Plan, which rebuilt a Europe devastated by the Second World War, one of the building blocks of the world order Mr. Trump seems determined to replace. Indeed, in toppling those building blocks, the American President has tipped and perhaps toppled many of the foundation stones of nations around the globe, especially in North America and Europe.

No single element of this statement – the call for “Burden-Sharing and Burden-Shifting,” the “Predisposition to Non-Interventionism,” and the assertion that “The Era of Mass Migration Is Over,” all subheadlines to sections of the document – would be unfamiliar to any observer of American life since Mr. Trump announced his first campaign for the presidency a decade ago.

But what is striking, and consequential, is the accumulation of these elements, one after the other, in a coherently assembled document that heralds the end of an era and the withdrawal of a broad-shouldered, incomparably wealthy, peerlessly powerful country from the role it soldered together and, until now, literally soldiered to preserve.

This great departure, expressed in a document of disdain and disengagement that mentions Canada only glancingly, means that that project is over.

Previous presidents have proclaimed subtle shifts in American foreign policy – Richard Nixon’s 1973 “Year of Europe,” for example, or Barack Obama’s 2011 “Pivot to Asia” – but none has formally set out so comprehensive an overhaul of the country’s diplomatic and national-security approach as this.

In one document, Mr. Trump, who has made a career saying things not said, is pledging to do things not done. Or, more precisely, to undo what his forerunners worked to do. It is as if Mr. Trump were heeding a mythical chorus of presidential predecessors, singing one of the signature lines of the traditional American folk ballad Rising Sun Blues: “Tell your children not to do what I have done.”

All the other great departures in modern American history – interventions in Korea and Vietnam, diplomatic relations with China, détente with Soviet Russia, armed intervention in support of Kuwait after Iraq’s 1990 invasion – were in service of the established goals of the United States: engagement to preserve the post-Second World War order.

(to be continued)

Translation

【分析】特朗普的國家安全戰略是對其前任建立的世界秩序的徹底否定（1/2）

 特朗普在擾亂美國政治之後，如今正採取迄今為止最果斷的舉措來干擾世界政治。

上週晚些時候，他的政府發佈了一份長達33頁的《國家安全戰略》文件，這份文件否定了美國近75年來外交政策的核心原則，對美國近代史進行了尖銳的批判，否定了美國政治性格的核心要素，並強烈譴責了特朗普的前任們所建立的世界秩序的假設、制度和運作方式。

特朗普政府依據1986年法律發佈的國家安全優先事項聲明，否定了全球強權的諸多特徵，即便並非全部。但諷刺的是，正是這些特徵賦予了特朗普軍事、經濟和文化資產以及否定它們的獨立性。

特朗普的政策聲明是一份激進的文件，是自馬歇爾計劃以來美國最引人注目的聲明。馬歇爾計劃重建了二戰後滿目瘡痍的歐洲，而這世界秩序的基石正是特朗普似乎決心要取代之一。事實上，這位美國總統在推翻這些基石的同時，也動搖甚至可能摧毀了世界各國的諸多根基，尤其是北美和歐洲國家。

這份聲明中的任何一個要素 - 呼籲「分擔和轉移負擔」、「傾向不干涉主義」以及斷言「大規模移民時代已經結束」（這些都是文件各部分的副標題） - 對於任何一位自十年前特朗普宣布首次競選總統以來就關注美國生活的人來說，都會感到陌生。

然而，真正引人注目且意義深遠的是，這些要素被一一串聯起來，構成了一份條理清晰的文件，它預示著一個時代的終結，以及一個肩負重任、無比富裕、實力超群的國家從它一手締造、並且直到現在仍在浴血奮戰以維護的國家的角色中退出。

這份充滿蔑視和角色退出的聲明，對加拿大是輕描淡寫地一筆帶過而已，它所表達的重大轉變，意味著那個計劃已經結束。

以往的總統也曾宣布過美國外交政策的微妙轉變,  例如尼克遜1973年的“歐洲年”，或奧巴馬2011年的“重返亞洲”戰略 - 但沒有哪位總統像特朗普這樣，正式提出如此全面徹底地改革美國的外交和國家安全方針。

在一份文件中，一直以來都以說出別人沒說過的話而開創事業的特朗普，承諾要做以前從未做過的事。或者更準確地說，是要推翻他的前任所做的一切。這彷彿是特朗普在遵循前輩總統的某種神話合唱的號召，唱著美國傳統民謠《旭日藍調》中的一句經典歌詞：“告訴你的孩子們，不要重蹈我的覆轍。”

美國現代歷史上所有其他重大舉措 - 介入韓戰和越戰、與中國建立外交關係、與蘇聯緩和關係、在1990年伊拉克入侵科威特後進行武裝幹預 - 都是為了維護美國既定的目標：維護二戰後的國際秩序。

（待續）

Note:

1. The Globe and Mail is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of more than 6 million in 2024, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it falls slightly behind the Toronto Star in overall weekly circulation because the Star publishes a Sunday edition, whereas the Globe does not. The Globe and Mail is regarded by some as Canada's "newspaper of record".(Wikipedia)

2. Georgia Turner (1921–1969), an American folk singer, is renowned for her early recording of "Rising Sun Blues" 《旭日藍調》in 1937, which Alan Lomax produced. Her rendition, later known as "House Of The Rising Sun," has become a standard adaptation, inspiring covers by numerous artists. Despite facing economic challenges, Turner's contribution to folk music was recognized through royalties arranged by Lomax, and her performance was rereleased in 2003, solidifying her legacy. (Wikipedia)