Recently CNN.co.jp reported the following:
新型コロナ再感染で健康上のリスクが増大 米研究
2022.07.09 Sat posted at 12:00 JST
（ＣＮＮ） 新型コロナウイルスに繰り返し感染すると、その後で新たな症状が出たり、長期間続いたりするリスクが高くなるとの研究結果が報告された。
米セントルイス・ワシントン大学の臨床疫学者ジヤド・アリー博士らのチームがこのほど、査読前論文として公開した。新型コロナ再感染による健康上のリスクを調べた初の研究とされる。
チームは新型コロナに１回感染したことのある２５万人あまりと、２回以上感染した３万８０００人の健康記録を比較。対照グループとして、感染記録のない５３０万人のデータも使用した。繰り返し感染した人の内訳は、２回が３万６０００人、３回がおよそ２２００人、４回が２４６人だった。
その結果、２回以上感染したグループは１回だけのグループに比べ、直近の感染から６カ月以内に死亡するリスクが２倍以上、入院のリスクが３倍にも上ることが分かったという。
２回以上感染した人は、肺または心臓疾患や倦怠（けんたい）感、消化器と腎臓の不調、糖尿病、神経系疾患のリスクが高まることも明らかになった。
欧米では最近、オミクロン株の新たな系統「ＢＡ．５」による感染が主流になり、感染者や入院患者が増加している。ＢＡ．５には過去の感染やワクチン接種でできた抗体を回避しやすい変異がみられ、多くの人が再感染する恐れがある。
アリー博士は自身の患者の間で再感染が増えていることに気づき、この研究を思い立ったという。「もし１年半ほど前に再感染のことを聞かれたら、たまにそういう患者もいるが極めてまれだと答えていたかもしれない。だが今は違う」と、同博士は説明する。
再感染後の症状で多いのは胸痛、不整脈、心臓発作、心筋炎や心膜炎、心不全、血栓など。肺に関係する問題として息苦しさ、血中酸素濃度の低下、胸水なども挙げられる。
症状が出るリスクは再感染したのと同じころが最も大きいが、その後少なくとも６カ月間、ワクチンを打っているかどうかにかかわらず高リスクの状態が続く。また感染を繰り返すと、そのたびにリスクが上昇することも分かった。
アリー博士は「過去にかかったことがあれば次は軽く済む」といった考え方が、新型コロナには通用しないと指摘する。
同博士によれば、高齢者や基礎疾患のある人は特に再感染しやすく、その後に健康上の問題が生じるリスクも高い可能性があるという。
Translation
(CNN) A study had shown that with repeated infections of the new coronavirus, new symptoms would appear, and there was an increased risk of long-term persistence.
A team led by clinical epidemiologist Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly of Washington University in St. Louis had recently published this study as a pre-reviewed paper. This was the first study to investigate the health risks of reinfection with the new corona.
The team compared the health records of more than 250,000 people who have been infected once with the new corona and 38,000 people who have been infected more than once. Data from 5.3 million people with no records of infection were also used as a control group. The breakdown of people who were repeatedly infected was 36,000 people for 2 times, about 2,200 for 3 times, and 246 for 4.
As a result, it was found that the group infected twice or more had more than twice the risk of dying within 6 months from the latest infection, and the risk of hospitalization was three times as much as the group with only one infection.
People who had been infected more than once had also been found to be at increased risk of lung or heart disease fatigue, digestive and renal disorders, diabetes and nervous system disorders.
In Europe and the United States, infection with the new strain "BA.5" of the Omicron strain had recently become mainstream, and the number of infected people and inpatients was increasing. Mutations were found in BA. 5 that could easily avoid antibodies produced by past infections and vaccinations, and many people could be re-infected.
Dr. Al-Aly said he came up with the study when he noticed an
increase in reinfection among his own patients. He explained that "If about
a year and a half ago I was asked about reinfection, I might have said that
sometimes there were such patients, yet they were extremely rare, but now it's
not".
The most common symptoms after reinfection were chest pain, arrhythmia, heart attack, myocarditis and pericarditis, heart failure and thrombosis. Problems related to the lungs included suffocation, low blood oxygen levels and pleural effusion were also mentioned.
While the risk of developing symptoms was greatest around the time of reinfection, this high risk could remain for at least 6 months thereafter, whether or not one had been vaccinated previously. It was also found that the risk would increase with each repeated infection.
Dr. Al-Aly pointed out that the idea that "if you've had it in the past, it will be lighter next time" didn't work for the new Corona.
He said that elderly people and people with underlying
illnesses were particularly susceptible to reinfection, and might be at
increased risk of subsequent health problems.
So, about
the new Corona, it is found that the risk of infection may increase with each
repeated infection. Also, the idea that "if you've had it in the past, it
will be lighter next time" doesn't work for the new Corona. These are shocking
findings for me.
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