Recently Yahoo News on-line reported the following:
US surgeons perform first pig-to-human kidney transplant
By Nancy Lapid
March 22, 20242:33 AM PDTUpdated 2 days ago
March 21 (Reuters) - A 62-year-man with end-stage renal
disease has become the first human to receive a new kidney from a genetically
modified pig, doctors from Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston announced
on Thursday.
The four-hour surgery, performed on March 16, “marks a major
milestone in the quest to provide more readily available organs to patients,”
the hospital said in a statement.
The patient, Richard Slayman of Weymouth, Massachusetts, is
recovering well and expected to be discharged soon, the hospital said.
Experts are keenly interested in long-term results of the
groundbreaking animal-to-human transplant, said Dr. Jim Kim, director of kidney
and pancreas transplantation with USC Transplant Institute in Los Angeles.
Slayman had received a transplant of a human kidney at the
same hospital in 2018 after seven years on dialysis, but the organ failed after
five years and he had resumed dialysis treatments.
The kidney was provided by eGenesis of Cambridge,
Massachusetts, from a pig that had been genetically edited to remove genes
harmful to a human recipient and add certain human genes to improve
compatibility. The company also inactivated viruses inherent to pigs that have
the potential to infect humans.
Kidneys from similarly edited pigs raised by eGenesis had
successfully been transplanted into monkeys that were kept alive for an average
of 176 days, and in one case for more than two years, researchers reported,
opens new tab in October in the journal Nature.
Drugs used to help prevent rejection of the pig organ by the
patient's immune system included an experimental antibody called tegoprubart,
developed by Eledon Pharmaceuticals.
The surgery marks progress in xenotransplantation – the
transplanting of organs or tissues from one species to another - said Dr.
Robert Montgomery, director of the NYU Langone Transplant Institute, who was
not involved in the case.
The field "is marching closer to becoming an
alternative source of organs for the many hundreds of thousands suffering from
kidney failure," he said in an email.
According to the United Network for Organ Sharing, more than
100,000 people in the U.S. await an organ for transplant, with kidneys in the
greatest demand.
NYU surgeons had previously transplanted pig kidneys into
brain-dead people.
Montgomery said transplant centers are taking different
approaches in terms of gene edits and medications, adding that "another
big step will be when the FDA authorizes clinical trials so we may better
understand what will work best for patients on our waiting lists."
A University of Maryland team in January 2022 transplanted a
genetically modified pig heart into a 57-year-old man with terminal heart
disease, but he died two months later.
Translation
路透社3月21日 - 波士頓馬薩諸塞州總醫院的醫生週四宣布，一名患有末期腎病的62歲男子成為第一個接受轉基因豬新腎臟的人。
醫院在一份聲明中表示，3 月 16 日進行的這場歷時四個小時的手術「標誌著為患者提供更容易獲得的器官的努力中的一個重要里程碑」。
醫院表示，這名患者名叫 Richard Slayman，來自麻薩諸塞州韋茅斯，目前恢復進度良好，預計很快就能出院。
洛杉磯南加州大學移植研究所腎臟和胰臟移植主任 Jim Kim 博士表示，專家們對這項突破性的動物移植到人類的長期結果非常感興趣。
Slayman 經過七年透析後，於 2018 年在同一家醫院接受了人類腎臟移植手術，但五年後器官衰竭，他又恢復了透析治療。
腎臟由馬薩諸塞州劍橋的 eGenesis 提供，來自一頭豬，經過基因編輯，去除了對人類受體有害的基因，並添加了某些人類基因以提高相容性。 該公司也把豬固有的、有可能感染人類的病毒滅活了。
研究人員報道稱，由eGenesis 飼養的,並經過類似編輯的豬腎臟已曾成功移植到猴子體內，這些猴子平均存活了176 天，其中一個案例存活了兩年多，研究人員於10 月在《自然》雜誌開啟了新分頁。
用於幫助防止患者免疫系統對豬器官產生排斥的藥物包括一種名為 tegoprubart 的實驗性抗體，是由 Eledon Pharmaceuticals 開發。
紐約大學朗格尼 (NYU Langone) 移植研究所所長 Dr. Robert
Montgomery（未參與此案）表示，這次手術標誌著異種移植 - 即把器官或組織從一個物種移植到另一個物種
- 的進展。
他在一封電子郵件中表示，該領域「正在努力成為數十萬腎衰竭患者的替代器官來源」。
據 器官共享聯合網絡 稱，美國有超過 10 萬人等待器官移植，其中腎臟的需求最大。
紐約大學的外科醫生先前曾將豬腎移植到腦死的人身上。
Montgomery 表示，移植中心在基因編輯和藥物治療方面正在採取各種不同的方法，並補充說，「另一個重大步驟將是FDA 授權臨床試驗，以便我們更好地了解什麼是對我們在等待名單上的患者最適合」。
馬裡蘭大學的研究團隊於2022年1月將基因改造豬心臟移植到一名患有末期心臟病的57歲男子體內，但兩個月後他就去世了。
So, a man with end-stage renal
disease has become the first human to receive a new kidney from a genetically
modified pig in the US. The surgery marks
progress in the transplanting of organs or tissues from one species to another.
If this transplanting is a success, it would help millions of patients
globally. This is good news to human kind.
Note:
1. USC Transplant Institute (洛杉磯南加州大學移植研究所)in its
web-site says that it is the leading living donor liver transplant program in
SoCal and one of the top 5 living donor programs in the US. Their experts take
a complete approach to caring for transplant patients and living donors — leveraging decades of experience pioneering
groundbreaking treatments. (https://info.keckmedicine.org/living-donor/?gad_source)
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