厚生労働省が２８日公表した生活保護制度の見直し素案は、就労意欲を促すための加算金創設など「アメ」の部分と、審査の厳格化という「ムチ」の両面で従来より踏み込んだ。ただ、就労促進の実を上げるにはきめ細かい支援が不可欠だ。この前提が崩れれば厳格化だけが強調され、「最後のセーフティーネット」としての機能が後退しかねない。
働く意欲がある人への加算、賃金を得れば保護費が減額される仕組みの緩和−−。受給者に働くことを強く促す素案に対し、実務を担う自治体側の委員は２８日の社会保障審議会の部会で方向性に賛意を示した。ただ、実効性には疑問も残る。
例えば今回の目玉、加算金創設も、何をもって「働く意欲がある」と評価するかは示していない。厚労省は採用面接を受けた回数などを想定しているが、あるケースワーカーは「外形的なアリバイはいくらでも作れる」と打ち明ける。
(試譯文)
The re-examined draft on the social assistance system which was released on
the 28th by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare had stepped deeper than
ever on both sides: on the so called "candies" portion, such as
additional amount of funding to urge for working volition, and the "whip"
portion to urge for tightening on the checking. However, minute support was
indispensable to raise the fruit of promoting working. If this premise
collapsed, only tightening would be emphasized and the function of "the last
safety net" might retreat.
Towards people with the volition to work, the mechanism was relaxed in
which conservation expense would be reduced if wages were received --. Regarding
the draft which strongly urged recipients to work, the committee from the side of
the self-governing body which was responsible for actual operations expressed
its approval on this direction in the sectional meeting of Social Security
Council on the 28th. However, questions on their effectiveness
remained there.
For example, there was one item criticized: while additional amount of funding
was set aside, the assessment of "There is the volition to work" was
not shown. Although the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare had been taking
into the calculation that job interviews etc. would be held on several
occasions, a caseworker had revealed that "superficial alibi can be made
without limit."
Because of financial difficulties, there is always a chance that social
welfare benefits could be reduced by the government.
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